Which class of foam does NFPA 403 recognize for ARFF operations?

• A. PCA foam
• B. Fluoroprotein foam
• C. AFFF and AR-AFFF foams
• D. Only water-based foam

Answer: (C)

The recognition of AFFF (Aqueous Film Forming Foam) and AR-AFFF (Alcohol Resistant Aqueous Film Forming Foam) by NFPA 403 for Aircraft Rescue and Firefighting (ARFF) operations is grounded in their effectiveness and efficiency in combating flammable liquid fires, especially those involving aviation fuels.

AFFF works by creating a film that suppresses vapors and cools the surface to prevent re-ignition. This is particularly critical in ARFF scenarios, where rapid intervention and extinguishing of fuel fires are essential to safeguarding lives and property. AR-AFFF enhances this capability specifically for scenarios where polar solvents, like certain types of alcohol-based fuels, are involved.

While other foam types, such as fluoroprotein foam and PCA foam, may have their uses, AFFF and AR-AFFF are specifically recommended due to their performance characteristics in aviation fire dynamics, making them the preferred choices in the ARFF context as outlined by NFPA 403. This is important for fire officers to understand, as the correct application of foam types can directly impact the effectiveness of firefighting efforts at airports.